Herpes zoster
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shingles
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References
Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia: Prevention and Management 29431387Bidh morghan, air adhbhrachadh le ath-ghnìomhachadh a’ bhìoras varicella zoster le uallach airson a’ bhreac, a’ toirt buaidh air timcheall air 1 millean neach gach bliadhna anns na Stàitean Aonaichte, le cunnart fad-beatha de 30%. Tha an fheadhainn le siostaman dìon lag gu math nas buailtiche a bhith a’ leasachadh morghan, le comharraidhean mar as trice a’ tòiseachadh le malaise, ceann goirt, agus fiabhras tlàth, agus an uairsin mothachaidhean craiceann annasach beagan làithean mus nochd broth. Bidh am broth seo, mar as trice a’ nochdadh ann an raon sònraichte den bhodhaig, a’ dol air adhart bho sèididhean soilleir gu lotan crùbach thairis air seachdain gu deich latha. Tha làimhseachadh sgiobalta le cungaidhean anti-bhìorasach (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) taobh a-staigh 72 uair bho thòisich broth deatamach. Bidh neuralgia postherpetic, duilgheadas cumanta a tha air a chomharrachadh le pian fada san raon air a bheil buaidh, a’ toirt buaidh air timcheall air aon às gach còignear euslaintich agus feumach air riaghladh leantainneach le cungaidhean-leigheis leithid gabapentin, pregabalin, no cuid de antidepressants, còmhla ri riochdairean gnàthach leithid lidocaine no capsaicin. Thathas a’ moladh banachdach an-aghaidh a’ bhìoras varicella zoster airson inbhich aois 50 agus nas sine gus cunnart morghan a lughdachadh.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of herpes zoster: A comprehensive review 29516900Tha Herpes zoster buailteach tachairt nas trice ann an daoine aois 50 agus nas sine, an fheadhainn le siostaman dìon lag, agus an fheadhainn a tha a’ gabhail cungaidhean dìon-dìon. Tha e air adhbhrachadh le ath-ghnìomhachadh a’ bhìoras varicella-zoster, an aon bhìoras a dh’ adhbhraicheas a’ bhreac. Bidh comharran mar fiabhras, cràdh, agus tachas fhèin mar as trice ro choltas a’ bhroth àbhaisteach. Is e an duilgheadas as cumanta neuralgia post-herpetic, a tha na phian neoni leantainneach às deidh don bhroth a dhol suas. Bidh na factaran cunnairt agus na duilgheadasan co-cheangailte ri herpes zoster ag atharrachadh a rèir aois, slàinte dìon, agus àm tòiseachadh làimhseachaidh. Thathas air sealltainn gu bheil banachdach do dhaoine fa leth aois 60 agus nas sine a’ lughdachadh gu mòr an àireamh de herpes zoster agus neuralgia post-herpetic. Le bhith a’ tòiseachadh air cungaidhean-leigheis anti-bhìorasach agus faochadh pian taobh a-staigh 72 uair bho thòisich broth, lughdaichidh sin cho dona sa tha herpes zoster agus neuralgia post-herpetic.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Prevention of Herpes Zoster: A Focus on the Effectiveness and Safety of Herpes Zoster Vaccines 36560671 NIH
Tha na deuchainnean clionaigeach mus tèid an aontachadh a’ nochdadh gu bheil a’ bhanachdach zoster beò ag obair timcheall air 50 gu 70%, fhad ‘s a tha a’ bhanachdach ath-chuingealaichte a’ coileanadh nas fheàrr, eadar 90 agus 97%. Ann an sgrùdaidhean san t-saoghal fhìor, tha iad a ’toirt taic do cho-dhùnaidhean nan deuchainnean, a’ sealltainn gu bheil a ’bhanachdach beò timcheall air 46% èifeachdach, fhad‘ s a tha am fear ath-chuingealaichte timcheall air 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Tha breac na cearc, ris an canar varicella cuideachd, mar thoradh air a’ chiad ghalar leis a’ bhìoras, mar as trice a’ tachairt aig àm leanabachd no òigeachd. Aon uair ‘s gu bheil a’ bhreac air leigheas, faodaidh am bhìoras fuireach neo-ghnìomhach (dàmhach) ann an ceallan neoni daonna airson bliadhnaichean no deicheadan, às deidh sin faodaidh e ath-ghnìomhachadh. Bidh herpes zoster a’ tighinn gu buil nuair a thèid am bhìoras varicella dormant ath-ghnìomhachadh. An uairsin bidh am bhìoras a’ siubhal air feadh cuirp neoni gu crìochnachaidhean neoni sa chraiceann, a’ toirt a-mach blisters. Nuair a thòisich herpes zoster , faodaidh nochdadh don bhìoras varicella a lorgar ann am blisters herpes zoster a’ bhreac adhbhrachadh ann an cuideigin nach d’ fhuair a’ bhreac fhathast.
Am measg nam factaran cunnairt airson ath-ghnìomhachadh a’ bhìoras dorm tha seann aois, droch ghnìomhachd dìon, agus grèim fhaighinn air a’ bhreac ro 18 mìosan a dh’aois. Chan eil bhìoras varicella zoster an aon rud ri bhìoras herpes simplex, ged a bhuineas an dà chuid don aon teaghlach de herpesviruses.
Bidh banachdachan herpes zoster a’ lughdachadh cunnart herpes zoster 50% gu 90%. Bidh e cuideachd a’ lughdachadh ìrean de neuralgia postherpetic, agus, ma thachras herpes zoster , cho dona sa tha e. Ma thèid herpes zoster a leasachadh, faodaidh cungaidhean anti-bhìorais leithid aciclovir lùghdachadh a dhèanamh air cho dona agus a tha an galar ma thèid tòiseachadh taobh a-staigh 72 uair a thìde bho nochd a' bhroth.
○ làimhseachadh
Ma tha na leòintean a 'sgaoileadh gu luath, bruidhinn ris an dotair agad cho luath' s as urrainn airson leigheas anti-bhìorais.
Tha feum air an dà chuid drogaichean anti-bhìorasach agus cungaidhean neuralgia. Bu chòir dhut fois a ghabhail agus stad a bhith ag òl deoch làidir.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin